Uso de bibliotecas digitales solares para la enseñanza del cambio climático en comunidades rurales

Este artículo presenta una investigación educativa realizada con el objetivo de generar información sobre el uso de la biblioteca digital SolarSPELL, como una estrategia de innovación educativa para la enseñanza del cambio climático en comunidades rurales de las islas Fiyi. SolarSPELL funciona con la energía que generan sus paneles solares y brinda acceso a través de su propia red wifi;además, ofrece una variedad de recursos educativos abiertos, seleccionados por su potencial para fortalecer las prácticas educativas y el logro de los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible de la Agenda 2030. Con base en la pregunta de investigación se seleccionó un estudio de caso, pues permite estudiar con intensidad un fenómeno complejo en un corto periodo de tiempo y analizar el objeto de estudio en un contexto especifico. Se aplicó el instrumento DIAPASON en las bibliotecas comunitarias o escolares que participan en el programa piloto. En los resultados se observa que la SolarSPELL coadyuva a la transformación digital de las prácticas educativas y los bibliotecarios valoran poder contar con un mayor número de recursos bibliográficos sobre el cambio climático. En la actualidad, el proyecto "Escuelas que Aprenden Post COVID-19” retomó estos resultados para realizar un piloto en comunidades rurales de Chiapas, México. En los resultados se enfatiza la necesidad de que el bibliotecario del futuro incorpore a su labor acciones enfocadas a la mejora de la calidad de la educación y que permitan potencializar el desarrollo sostenible de sus comunidades, para mejorar el conocimiento colectivo y crear conciencia sobre este fenómeno.Alternate : This article presents an educational research carried out with the aim of generating information on the use of the SolarSPELL Digital Library, as an educational innovation strategy for teaching climate change in rural communities of the Fiji Islands. SolarSPELL works with the energy generated by an integrated solar panel and provides access through its own wifi network. It offers a variety of open educational resources, selected for their potential to strengthen educational practices and the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda. Based on the research question, a case study was selected, as it allows intensive study a complex phenomenon in a short period of time and analyzes the object of study in a specific context. The DIAPASON instrument was applied in the community or school libraries that participate in the pilot program. The results show that SolarSPELL contributes to the digital transformation of educational practices and the value of the librarians being able to have a greater number of bibliographic resources on climate change. Currently, the project "Schools that Learn Post COVID-19" took up these results to carry out a pilot in rural communities in Chiapas, Mexico. The results emphasize the need for the librarian of the future to incorporate into their work, actions focused on improving the quality of education that allow potentiating the sustainable development of their communities, improving collective knowledge and raising awareness about this phenomenon.

The Bayes factor in the analysis of mechanical power in patients with severe respiratory failure due to SARS-CoV-2.

OBJECTIVE: To specify the degree of probative force of the statistical hypotheses in relation to mortality at 28 days and the threshold value of 17 J/min mechanical power (MP) in patients with respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2. DESIGN: Cohort study, longitudinal, analytical. SETTING: Intensive care unit of a third level hospital in Spain. PATIENTS: Patients admitted for SARS-CoV-2 infection with admission to the ICU between March 2020 and March 2022. INTERVENTIONS: Bayesian analysis with the beta binomial model. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Bayes factor, mechanical power. RESULTS: A total of 253 patients were analyzed. Baseline respiratory rate (BF10: 3.83 × 106), peak pressure value (BF10: 3.72 × 1013) and neumothorax (BF10: 17,663) were the values most likely to be different between the two groups of patients compared. In the group of patients with MP < 17 J/min, a BF10 of 12.71 and a BF01 of 0.07 were established with an 95%CI of 0.27-0.58. For the group of patients with MP ≥ 17 J/min the BF10 was 36,100 and the BF01 of 2.77e-05 with an 95%CI of 0.42-0.72. CONCLUSIONS: A MP ≥ 17 J/min value is associated with extreme evidence with 28-day mortality in patients requiring MV due to respiratory failure secondary to SARS-CoV-2 disease.

Rupturas a partir de la "política de la boiada”: Un análisis según los Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible

Brasil experimenta, a partir del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, un notable debilitamiento de la institucionalidad en lo relativo a la implementación de una agenda hacia la sustentabilidad. Apuntando a identificar tendencias y rupturas, el presente trabajo explora cuatro ejes de la actual gobernanza ambiental brasileña, tomando como herramienta de análisis cuatro Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS): Género (ODS 5), Energía (ODS 7), Residuos Sólidos (ODS 12) y Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). El trabajo está estructurado como un ensayo crítico, subsidiado por la evaluación histórica de los indicadores asociados a los ODS analizados. Se concluye que hay un debilitamiento de la gobernanza ambiental, en lo que refiere a la importancia de una articulación multiactores y de la gobernanza participativa. Se verifica que existen fracturas a partir del 2019 en el nivel federal, con una discontinuidad en varias políticas importantes, pero en los niveles territoriales existen tendencias históricas que ya mostraban injusticias en el ámbito socioambiental, que luego se agravan dada la crisis de la pandemia del COVID-19. © All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Atribution License.

Ruptures from the cattle policy: An analysis according to the Sustainable Development Goals

Brazil has experienced a notable weakening of its institutional framework related to the implementation of an agenda for sustainability since the Jair Bolsonaro Administration. Aiming to identify trends and ruptures, this paper explores four axes of current Brazilian environmental governance, taking four Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an analysis tool: Gender (SDG 5), Energy (SDG 7), Solid Waste (SDG 12), and Life on Land (SDG 15). The study is structured as a critical essay, supported by the historical evolution of the indicators associated with the analyzed SDGs. It is concluded that there has been a weakening of environmental governance, within an understanding of the importance of a multi-stakeholder articulation and participatory governance. It is verified that there cracks have developed since 2019 at the federal level, with a discontinuity in a number of key policies, while at the territorial levels, there are historical trends that already showed injustices in the social and environmental scope, which have been aggravated in the face of the COVID-19 crisis.Alternate : O Brasil experimenta um notável enfraquecimento da institucionalidade relativa à implementação de uma agenda para a sustentabilidade, a partir do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Visando identificar tendências e rupturas, o presente trabalho explora quatro eixos da atual governança ambiental brasileira, tomando quatro Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) como ferramenta de análise: Gênero (ODS 5), Energia (ODS 7), Resíduos Sólidos (ODS 12) e Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). O trabalho está estruturado como um ensaio crítico, subsidiado pela evolução histórica dos indicadores associados aos ODS analisados. Conclui-se que há um enfraquecimento da governança ambiental, dentro de um entendimento da importância de uma articulação multi-atores e de governança participativa. Verificam-se que existem fissuras a partir de 2019 no nível federal, com uma descontinuidade em várias políticas importantes, mas nos níveis territoriais existem tendências históricas que já mostravam injustiças no âmbito socioambiental, que se agravam diante da crise da COVID-19.Alternate : Brasil experimenta, a partir del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, un notable debilitamiento de la institucionalidad en lo relativo a la implementación de una agenda hacia la sustentabilidad. Apuntando a identificar tendencias y rupturas, el presente trabajo explora cuatro ejes de la actual gobernanza ambiental brasileña, tomando como herramienta de análisis cuatro Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS): Género (ODS 5), Energía (ODS 7), Residuos Sólidos (ODS 12) y Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). El trabajo está estructurado como un ensayo crítico, subsidiado por la evaluación histórica de los indicadores asociados a los ODS analizados. Se concluye que hay un debilitamiento de la gobernanza ambiental, en lo que refiere a la importancia de una articulación multiactores y de la gobernanza participativa. Se verifica que existen fracturas a partir del 2019 en el nivel federal, con una discontinuidad en varias políticas importantes, pero en los niveles territoriales existen tendencias históricas que ya mostraban injusticias en el ámbito socioambiental, que luego se agravan dada la crisis de la pandemia del COVID-19.

Post-COVID-19 Revitalisation and Prospects for Climate Neutral Energy Security Technologies

Dealing with the effects of COVID-19 is on the energy security agenda. Consolidation of efforts at the regional, national and international levels to exchange experience in the implementation of successful practices and the formation of institutional support of the sustainable energy development contributes to the post-COVID-19 revitalisation. With this in mind, the article is devoted to studying the peculiarities and experience of the post-COVID-19 revitalisation of the energy sector in different countries and determining the development prospects of climate-neutral technologies in the energy security sphere. A change in the behaviour of energy consumers by the secondary energy source in the context of increased quarantine restrictions has been established. In particular, a downward trend in the volume of energy consumption from traditional sources (oil, coal, etc.) has been traced. At the same time, the demand for energy consumption from renewable sources (solar energy, wind energy, etc.) has grown, which made it possible to diagnose the reduction in CO2 emissions. Based on the analysis of measures to reduce the negative impact of the COVID-19 on energy security in different countries, the integration of the foundations of climate neutrality through the development of new critical technologies in the field of renewable energy sources has been established. As a result of a survey of green energy stakeholders using PEST analysis, it was proved that the complexity of integrating the principles of climate neutrality into the energy sector is that the result is not an economic effect but primarily an environmental effect (energy decarbonization). As a result, a methodology for determining the sustainability indicators for developing climate-neutral technologies in energy security using fuzzy set methods is proposed. The prospect of developing climate-neutral technologies in energy security lies in the transition to cross-sectoral interaction based on a closed cycle of energy consumption from renewable sources and the use of Industry 4.0 technologies. The proposed methodology will be a tool for further research on the developing organizational and innovative support and justifying the economic feasibility of introducing climate-neutral technologies based on the clustering of industries and a circular economy in the energy security sphere. [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Problemy Ekorozwoju is the property of Faculty of Environmental Engineering and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)

SARS-CoV-2: what it is, how it acts, and how it manifests in imaging studies. / SARS-CoV-2: cómo es, cómo actúa y cómo se expresa en la imagen.

COVID-19 is a disease with many clinical, biochemical, and radiological signs that has a predilection for the lungs, probably because of the high number of ACE-2 receptors in this organ. The infection of cells activates proinflammatory substances, causing diffuse alveolar damage, which is the histopathological basis of ARDS. The exudative phase would manifest as ground-glass opacities and consolidation, and the proliferative phase would manifest as a tendency toward a more linear morphology. Both CT and PET/CT findings support the inflammatory character of the lung lesions in the initial phase of the disease and in patients with mild-moderate disease. Severe cases have pulmonary hypoperfusion that is likely due to abnormal alveolar ventilation and perfusion. On the other hand, a prothrombotic state increases the risk of thromboembolic disease through the activation of coagulation and platelet pathways with the production of fibrin degradation products (D-dimer) and consumption of platelets.

[Nutritional management of the critically ill inpatient with COVID-19. A narrative review]. / Manejo nutricional del paciente hospitalizado críticamente enfermo con COVID-19. Una revisión narrativa.

INTRODUCTION: The current COVID-19 pandemic mainly affects older people, those with obesity or other coexisting chronic diseases such as type-2 diabetes and high blood pressure. It has been observed that about 20 % of patients will require hospitalization, and some of them will need the support of invasive mechanical ventilation in intensive care units. Nutritional status appears to be a relevant factor influencing the clinical outcome of critically ill patients with COVID-19. Several international guidelines have provided recommendations to ensure energy and protein intake in people with COVID-19, with safety measures to reduce the risk of infection in healthcare personnel. The purpose of this review is to analyze the main recommendations related to adequate nutritional management for critically ill patients with COVID-19 in order to improve their prognosis and clinical outcomes.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La pandemia actual por COVID-19 afecta principalmente a personas mayores, con obesidad o con otras enfermedades crónicas coexistentes como diabetes de tipo 2 e hipertensión arterial. Se ha observado que alrededor del 20 % de los pacientes requerirán hospitalización y algunos de ellos necesitarán soporte de ventilación mecánica invasiva en unidades de cuidados intensivos. El estado nutricional parece ser un factor relevante que influye en el resultado clínico de los pacientes con COVID-19 críticamente enfermos. Diversas guías internacionales han publicado recomendaciones para asegurar la ingesta energética y proteica de las personas con COVID-19, junto con medidas de seguridad para disminuir el riesgo de infección por parte del personal de salud. El propósito de esta revisión es analizar las principales recomendaciones relacionadas con el adecuado manejo nutricional del paciente hospitalizado críticamente enfermo con COVID-19 con la finalidad de mejorar el pronóstico y los resultados clínicos.